Er du klar for 85?

(NB! English version further down)

Klimasatsprosjektet Utslippsfri Oslofjord er et miljøsamarbeid mellom havnene i Oslo, Drammen, Moss, Borg, Larvik, Grenland Kristiansand og Arendal.

- Havnene i Oslofjorden har alle ambisiøse klima- og miljømål hvor overføring av gods fra vei til den miljøvennlige sjøveien er helt sentralt. Oslo Havn skal kutte klimagassutslippene med 85% innen 2030.  Det skal vi lykkes med gjennom samarbeid og dialog i Oslofjorden og med de viktigste europeiske knutepunkthavnene, sier Ingvar M. Mathisen, havnedirektør i Oslo Havn og styreleder i Norske Havner. 

Utslippsfri Oslofjord - et mulig framtidsbilde år 2030:

Et utslippsfritt, stillegående plug-in hybridskip er klar for avreise fra Rotterdam Havn. Skipet er lastet med fire hundre fargesterke containere. Drivstofftankene er fylt med komprimert hydrogen.

Containerskipet kobles fra landstrømanlegget og kapteinen setter kurs mot Kristiansand Havn. Her bunkrer skipet hydrogen.

Hybridskipet skal videre til Oslo, men kunne like gjerne stoppet i Moss, Borg, Larvik, Grenland eller Drammen Havn. Oslofjordhavnene samarbeider om å tilby nullutslipp energikilder til utslippsfrie skip.

Skipet seiler nå lydløst mellom Verdens Ende og naturreservatet på Hvaler. Klimaavtrykket fra det fem tusen tonn tunge skipet er begrenset til små, søvndyssende bølgeskvulp mot fjæresteinene.

Digital infrastruktur gjør seilingen trygg og forutsigbar. Seilingsfarten tilpasses automatisk nærgående skip og optimaliseres i forhold til drivstoffbruk og ideell anløpstid.

Kapteinene på containerskipet og batteridrevne Color Hybrid, i rute mellom Sandefjord og Strømstad, gir hverandre et lydløst digitalt nikk på trygg avstand.

ASKOs sjødrone krysser fjorden mellom Moss og Horten, ubemannet. Kapteinen på det hydrogendrevne containerskipet hilser likevel på trygg avstand - av respekt og gammel vane. Ved inngangen til Drøbaksundet legger et batteridrevet sementskip - lastet med stein, sand og grus - seg i dragsuget bak containerskipet.

Ved energihavna – tidligere oljehavna – i Oslo strømmer fornybare drivstoff fra et tankskip inn i Ekeberghallene. Tankskipet får selv tilført biogass. Neste stopp er Nordsjøen med karbon fanget ved Klemetsrudanlegget.

Containerskipet legger til kai hos Yilport Oslo. Skipet kobles umiddelbart til land- og ladestrøm og skrur av motorene. Elektriske sjøkraner starter lossingen.

På nordsiden av Sjursøyautstikkeren har sementskipet lagt til kai. Skipet kobles til landstrøm, før grus, sand og stein pumpes med elektrisk kraft opp i sementsiloen. Fra sementsiloen pumpes tilslagsmaterialer over til Norcems betongfabrikk. Elektriske lastebiler frakter kortreist betong fra havna ut til nullutslipps byggeplasser i nærområdet.

Skipsfarten i Oslofjorden har kuttet utslippene med 85 % sammenliknet med 2009. Utenriksfergene seiler på fornybare energikilder. Lokalferger er elektrifisert for lengst. I løpet av fem til ti år vil de siste dieseldrevne skipene pensjoneres. Nullutslippsvisjonen er innen rekkevidde.

Samarbeid og konkurranse

Hva kan Oslofjordhavnene lære av to amerikanske megahavner – Port of Los Angeles og Port of Long Beach - som konkurrerer intenst om å være størst og best?

Svaret er, kanskje litt uventet, samarbeid og felles miljøløsninger.

Resultatet er havnesamarbeidet Utslippsfri Oslofjord. Visjonen er utslippsfri skipsfart i Oslofjorden - fra Kristiansand i det åpne sør til Oslo i det smale nord.

På studietur til Los Angeles i 2017 fikk Heidi Neilson, seksjonsleder plan og miljø i Oslo Havn, se hvordan de to rivalene og naboene intenst kappes om å være størst og best på passasjertall og godsvolum. Til sammen håndterer Port of Los Angeles og Port of Long Beach verdier for nesten fem hundre milliarder dollar i året og understøtter fem millioner amerikanske jobber.

Neilson ble inspirert da hun på to viktige områder – miljø og sikkerhet - lærte at rivalene velger samarbeid, like krav og felles retningslinjer framfor konkurranse.

De amerikanske havnene er få og mektige og kan sette makt bak felles miljøkrav overfor rederiene. Investeringer i milliardklassen sørget for at de store containerskipene som anløper havnene i San Pedro-bukta kunne kobles til landstrøm allerede i 2014.

Da studieturen var over og Neilsons fly hjem lettet fra rullebanen på LAX, så hun snart havneanleggene forsvinne i det fjerne. Fra luften var det umulig å se hvor Port of Long Beach slutter og Port of Los Angeles begynner.

Heidi lukket øynene og forestilte seg Oslofjorden sett ovenfra. Situasjonen i Oslofjorden er kompleks. Vi er flere havner med varierende størrelser og behov. Kanskje det ikke er grunnlag for samarbeid i vår region, kanskje hver havn må løse miljøutfordringene selv, tenkte Heidi.

Dialog

Neste akt i historien oppstår i dialog med rederiene.

Hva kan vi bidra med for at dere skal bygge om containerskipene til landstrøm, spør Heidi Neilson containerrederiene som regelmessig anløper Oslo Havns kaier.

Alle Oslofjordhavnene må tilby samme felles standard for landstrømanlegg, er tilbakemeldingen.

Slik ble idéen om Klimasatsprosjektet Utslippsfri Oslofjord født. To år etter Heidi Neilsons besøk i Los Angeles signerte havnedirektørene for de sju største havnene i Oslofjorden en samarbeidsavtale om miljøarbeid.

Utslippsfri Oslofjord skal spre kunnskap om potensialet for reduserte utslipp fra sjøtransport og dermed sette beslutningstager i stand til å gjøre grønne transportvalg. Klimagassutslippene skal kuttes med åttifem prosent innen 2030. Visjonen er en utslippsfri Oslofjord. Utslippsfri Oslofjord skal ta posisjon som pådriver for det grønne skiftet og gjøre Oslofjordsamarbeidet til en mal for europeiske havnesamarbeid.

Med støtte fra Enova har Oslofjordhavnene etablert, og er i ferd med å etablere, en rekke landstrømanlegg på én felles standard.

- Havnesamarbeidet Utslippsfri Oslofjord vil bidra til å forenkle overgangen fra fossile til fornybare drivstoff for rederier og andre kunder. Vi vil bryte barrierer i forbindelse med det grønne skiftet ved å tilby felles løsninger og ha en felles miljøpolitikk, sier Heidi Neilson, leder for havnesamarbeidet Utslippsfri Oslofjord og seksjonsleder plan og miljø i Oslo Havn.

Europa

Men hva skjer? Anleggene tas ikke i bruk av rederiene.

De store hub-havnene i Europa - der vi henter varene som skal til Oslofjorden - må også ha landstrømanlegg for feederskip, sier rederiene nå.

Men hvorfor skal Rotterdam eller Hamburg havn investere i landstrømanlegg for feederskip? For de europeiske megahavnene er det landstrøm til de virkelig store containerskipene – de som anløper fra Asia lastet med tjue tusen containerenheter – som vil utgjøre en forskjell i miljøregnskapet.

Klimapakken Klar for 55 (Fit for 55) skal gjøre at EU når målene om å redusere utslipp av klimagasser med 55 prosent innen 2030. En bærekraftig omstilling til netto null klimagassutslipp i 2050 innebærer at alle transportformer må bidra med utslippsreduksjoner.

Nye lovforslag fra EU sier at alle containerskip over fem tusen bruttotonn skal kobles til landstrøm ved europeiske havner innen 2030. Det inkluderer heldigvis feederskipene som frakter containere mellom Europa og Oslofjorden.

Høsten 2022 oppsøker Heidi Neilson med gode kolleger fra Utslippsfri Oslofjord sentrale havner i Nederland og Belgia.

Velg samarbeid, like krav og felles retningslinjer framfor konkurranse! Vår løsning for landstrøm er velprøvd og klar til bruk. Sammen kan vi etablere en sømløs og velfungerende ladeinfrastruktur for feederskip i Nord-Europa i god tid før 2030, sier Neilson & Co til sine europeiske kolleger.

Initiativet ønskes velkommen i Rotterdam, Antwerpen og Moerdijk havn - megahavner på størrelse med Port of Los Angeles og Port of Long Beach.

Mot slutten av 2022 jobber Utslippsfri Oslofjord for å formalisere miljøsamarbeidet mellom Oslofjordhavnene og havnene i Hamburg, Rotterdam og Antwerpen. Avtalen skal slå fast når landstrøminfrastrukturen i samtlige havner skal være på plass – 2025 for Oslofjorden og senest 2030 for de europeiske havnene.

Utslippsfri Oslofjord jobber for å bryte ned tekniske og økonomiske barrierer knyttet til landstrøm og fornybare drivstoff.

- Vår felles visjon er en utslippsfri Oslofjord. Vi skal tilføre kunnskap til relevante beslutningstakere og tilrettelegge for etablering av grønne korridorer på sjø og land i Oslofjorden, sier Heidi Neilson.

Barrierer brytes

Containerrederienes estimater viser at det koster to millioner kroner å bygge om ett skip til landstrøm. Rederiene er ikke villige til å ta den kostnaden.

I samarbeid med en landstrømleverandør har vi derfor utarbeidet en alternativ løsning for landstrøm til containerskip, som kutter prisen til fem hundre tusen kroner.

Femti ulike containerskip legger til kai hos Yilport Oslo hvert år. Dersom kun femten skip, de som anløper hyppigst, bygges om til landstrøm kan Oslo Havn kutte 90 % av utslippene på Norges største containerterminal.

Utenriksferger, lokalferger og sementskip benytter allerede landstrøm i enkelte Oslofjordhavner. Landstrøm til containerskip vil være et stort gjennombrudd og avgjørende for å kutte nok klimagassutslipp. Målet er at det første containerskipet kobles til landstrøm ved en Oslofjordhavn i 2024. Innen 2025 skal ti containerskip benytte landstrøm.

For å lykkes med bærekraftmålene trengs nye og sterke partnerskap. Myndigheter, næringslivet og sivilsamfunnet må samarbeide for å oppnå bærekraftig utvikling, sier FN i bærekraftmål 17.

Grønn omstilling i skipsfarten er en evolusjonshistorie om samarbeid og konkurranse.

ASKOSs elektriske sjødroner går allerede i skytteltrafikk mellom Moss og Horten. ASKO faser ut varetransporten med lastebil gjennom Oslofjordtunnelen.

Yara Birkeland - et batteridrevet og autonomt containerskip - frakter gjødsel mellom Herøya og Brevik.

Buksér og Berging (BB) er tidlig ute med å tilpasse seg lokale og internasjonale krav. I 2024 tar BB i bruk en elektrisk taubåt i Oslo havn med nok motorkraft til å trekke de største cruise- og containerskipene.

Fornybare drivstoff

Neste steg i evolusjonshistorien om utslippsfri skipsfart i Oslofjorden er en felles satsing på fornybare drivstoff til skip og landtransport.

Heidi Neilson og kollegene i Oslofjordhavnene vet at mange er skeptiske. Verken hydrogen, metanol eller ammoniakk ses på som realistiske erstatninger for diesel - av skeptikerne.

Oslofjordhavnene skal tilrettelegge for minst én grønn korridor i Oslofjorden i 2025.I 2025 seiler det første containerskipet driftet av komprimert hydrogen fra Rotterdam til Oslo. Når skipet legger til kai og kobles til landstrøm er den første grønne korridoren i Oslofjorden en realitet.

ENGLISH TEXT:

Emission-free Oslofjord is an environmental collaboration between the ports of Oslo, Drammen, Moss, Borg, Larvik, Grenland, Kristiansand and Arendal. 

Are you ready for 85? 

Can climate emissions in the Oslofjord be reduced by 85% before 2030? 

"The ports in Oslofjord all have ambitious climate and environmental targets. We must shift cargo transport from road to the more environmentally friendly energy efficient seaway. The city of Oslo aim to reduce 95 % of greenhouse gas emissions by 2030. The Port of Oslo aim to reduce the emissions by 85% in 2030. We will achieve this goal through cooperation and dialogue among the ports in Oslofjord and the most important European hub ports", says Ingvar M. Mathisen, port director for Port of Oslo and chair of Norske Havner (Ports of Norway). 

Emission-free Oslofjord - a glimpse into a zero emissions future - 2030: 

An emission-free, plug-in hybrid ship idles silently before departure from the Port of Rotterdam. Loaded with four hundred brightly coloured containers, its fuel tanks filled with compressed hydrogen. 

The container ship disconnects from the shore power plant, and its captain sets course for Port of Kristiansand. Here, the vessel bunkers hydrogen. 

The hybrid ship will continue to Oslo but could just as well have stopped at ports in Arendal, Moss, Borg, Larvik, Grenland, or Drammen. The Oslofjord ports collaborate to offer zero-emission energy sources for emission-free ships. 

The ship now sails silently between Verdens Ende and the nature reserve at Hvaler. The climate footprint of the five-thousand-tonne vessel is limited to small, rhythmic waves lapping stones along the seashore. 

Digital infrastructure makes sailing safe and predictable, regulating speed automatically with other maritime traffic, helping minimize fuel consumption and arrival at the ideal docking time. 

The captains of the container ship and the battery-powered Color Hybrid, en route between Sandefjord and Strømstad, give each other a silent digital nod from a safe distance. 

ASKO's unmanned sea drone crosses the fjord between Moss and Horten. The captain of the hydrogen-powered container ship nevertheless sends a greeting from a safe distance - out of respect and tradition. At the entrance to Drøbaksundet, a battery-powered cement ship - loaded with stone, sand, and gravel - positions itself in the wake of the container ship. 

At Oslo's energy harbor - formerly the oil harbor - renewable fuel flows from a tanker into Ekeberghallene. The tanker fuels with biogas. The next stop is the North Sea, freighting carbon captured at the city’s waste facility plant. 

The container ship docks at the container terminal,Yilport Oslo. It shuts down its engines, connects to shore power, and begins charging. Electric sea cranes start unloading. 

The cement ship docks on the north side of Sjursøya point and connects to shore power. Electric pumps offload gravel, sand, and stone into a cement silo. Aggregates go from the silo to Norcem's concrete factory. Electric trucks transport locally produced concrete from the harbor to zero-emission construction sites in the region. 

Shipping in Oslofjord has cut emissions by 85% compared to 2009. Renewable energy sources power international ferries. Local ferries have been electrified for several years. Within five to ten years, the last diesel-powered ships will be retired. The zero-emission vision is within reach. 

Cooperation and competition 

What can the ports in Oslofjord learn from two American mega ports - the Port of Los Angeles and the Port of Long Beach – which compete intensely to be the biggest and best? 

The answer is different from what you would expect: cooperation and joint environmental solutions. 

This lesson helped inspire a vision for the port collaboration Emission-free Oslofjord. The goal is emission-free shipping in Oslofjord - from the wide-open sea lanes to Kristiansand in the south to the narrower passages into Oslo in the north. 

On a study trip to Los Angeles in 2017, Heidi Neilson, head of planning and environment at Port of Oslo, saw how the two rival and neighbouring ports compete intensely to be the biggest and best in terms of passenger numbers and cargo volume. Together, the Port of Los Angeles and the Port of Long Beach handle nearly five hundred billion dollars in cargo annually and support five million American jobs. 

Neilson was inspired when she learned that in two critical areas - environment and safety - rivals choose cooperation, standard regulations and guidelines, instead of competition. 

The few American ports are powerful and can influence shipping companies to meet environmental challenges. Billions of dollars in investment ensured that as early as 2014, shore power was available for large container ships calling at ports in San Pedro Bay.  

As Neilson's research trip ended and her flight home took off from the runway at LAX, she got a clear view of the port facilities. From the air, it was impossible to tell where the Port of Long Beach ends, and the Port of Los Angeles begins. 

Heidi closed her eyes and imagined an overview of Oslofjord. Here there are several ports of varying sizes and needs. It may not be possible, thought Heidi, for cooperation to succeed in our region. Perhaps each port need to solve the environmental challenges on its own?  

Dialogue 

The next chapter in the story begins with a conversation with the shipping companies. 

"What can we contribute for you to convert the container ships to shore power," Heidi Neilson asks the container shipping companies that regularly calls in the Port of Oslo. 

The answer: All Oslofjord ports must offer a common standard for shore power facilities. 

That response led to the birth of the Emission-free Oslofjord project. Three years after Heidi Neilson's visit to Los Angeles, port directors for the eight largest ports in Oslofjord signed an agreement to cooperate on the environment. 

To meet the target of reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 85% by 2030, Emission-free Oslofjord will spread knowledge about the potential for reduced emissions from maritime transport and enable decision-makers to choose green solutions. The vision is an emission-free Oslofjord that drives the green shift and helps make it a model for European port cooperation. 

With support from Enova, Oslofjord ports have established, or are in the process of building, several shore power solutions based on a common standard. 

"The port collaboration Emission-free Oslofjord will help simplify the transition from fossil fuels to renewable fuels for shipping companies and other customers. We want to break down barriers to the green shift by offering common solutions and share a common environmental policy", says Heidi Neilson, head of the port cooperation, Emission-free Oslofjord, and manager of planning and environment for Port of Oslo. 

Europe 

But what happens when shipping companies don’t retrofit their ships? 

Shipping lines demand that the large hub ports in Europe - where they load goods going to Oslofjord – also have similar shore power facilities for small feeder ships. 

But why should the port of Rotterdam or Hamburg invest in shore power solutions for feeder ships? These European mega ports believe providing shore power for the larger container ships – those arriving from Asia loaded with twenty thousand container units (TEUs) – is the way to reduce their climate footprint significantly. 

The climate plan Fit for 55 will ensure the EU achieves its goal of reducing emissions of greenhouse gases by 55% by 2030. A sustainable transition to net zero greenhouse gas emissions in 2050 means that all forms of transport must contribute to emission reductions. 

New legislative proposals from the EU require all container ships over five thousand gross tonnes to connect to shore power at European ports by 2030. Fortunately, this includes feeder ships transporting containers between Europe and Oslofjord. 

In the autumn of 2022, Heidi Neilson and her colleagues from Emission-free Oslofjord visited central ports in the Netherlands and Belgium. 

Neilsen and her colleagues challenge the ports to choose cooperation, standard regulations, and common guidelines instead of competition. Their message: Our solution for shore power is tested and ready to use. Together, we can establish a seamless and effective charging infrastructure for feeder ships in Northern Europe well before 2030. 

Ports in Rotterdam, Antwerp, and Moerdijk - mega ports the size of the Port of Los Angeles and the Port of Long Beach welcome the initiative. 

In 2023, Emission-free Oslofjordwant to continue the work to formalize a common environmental committmentbetween the ports in Oslofjord and Hamburg, Rotterdam, and Antwerp. The agreement will set timelines for establishing shore power infrastructure in all ports – by 2025 in theOslofjord and 2030 at the latest for the European ports. 

Emission-free Oslofjord will also help reduce the technical and financial barriers to shore power and renewable fuels. 

"Our shared vision is an emission-free Oslofjord. We will provide expertise to relevant decision-makers and facilitate the establishment of green corridors on sea and land in Oslofjord", says Heidi Neilson. 

 Breaking Barriers 

Container shipping companies estimate it will cost two hundred thousand Euros to convert a single ship to shore power. A cost the shipping companies are not willing to bear. 

Collaboration with a shore power supplier resulted in an alternative solution, which reduced the price to fifty thousand Euros. 

Fifty different container ships dock at Yilport Oslo every year. If only the fifteen vessels most frequentlyat call convert to shore power, Port of Oslo can cut 90% of emissions at Norway's largest container terminal. 

International ferries, local ferries, and cement ships already use shore power in some Oslofjord ports. Shore power for container ships will be a breakthrough and crucial for meeting the targets for greenhouse gas emissions. The goal is to connect the first container ship to shore power at an Oslofjordport in 2024. By 2025, perhaps ten container ships will have access to shore power. 

Reaching sustainability goals requires new and robust partnerships. Authorities, businesses, and other civic stakeholders must work together to achieve sustainable development, according to the UN's Sustainable Development Goal 17. 

The green shift in shipping is an evolutionary story of cooperation and competition. 

• ASKO's electric sea drones already shuttle between Moss and Horten. ASKO is phasing out the transport of goods by truck through the Oslofjord tunnel. 
• Yara Birkeland - a battery-powered, autonomous container ship - transports fertilizer between Herøya and Brevik. 
• BuksérogBerging (BB) is an early adopter of local and international requirements. In 2024, BB will use an electric tugboat in Oslo harbor with enough power to tow the largest cruise and container ships. 

Renewable fuels 

The next step in the evolutionary history of emission-free shipping in Oslofjord is a joint investment in renewable fuels for ships and land transport. 

Heidi Neilson and her colleagues in the Oslofjord ports know many people have doubts. Sceptics do not see hydrogen, methanol, or ammonia as realistic replacements for diesel. 

Oslofjord ports will facilitate at least one green corridor in Oslofjord in 2025. That same year we hope to see the first containership operatingon compressed hydrogen.Sailing from Rotterdam to Oslo. When that vessel docks and connects to shore power, the first green corridor in Oslofjord will be a reality. 

Subtitles english text:

Image number refers to norwegian captions that accompanies each individual image.) 

1. International ferries of DFDS use the shore power facility at Utstikker II, which opened in 2019. Color Line's cruise ferries - which run between Oslo and Kiel - gained access to the shore power facility in 2011. In Sydhavna, Heidelberg cement's boats can connect to shore power (established in 2022). The next, natural step is to establish shore power facilities for container ships. The Port of Oslohas recently decided to build a shore power facility for cruise ships at Revierkaia on Vippetangen. Photo: Motion Air/Port of Oslo. 

2. Port director Tore Lundestad and environmental manager Charlotte Iversen atPort of Borg show off the new solar cell plant of 9,600 m2. Annual energy production on the roof is 1.7 million kwh. What is not consumed at the port terminal is sold online. Photo: Growth in Fredrikstad. 

3. Heidi Neilson - section manager plan and environment at Port of Oslo and head of the port cooperation Emission-free Oslofjord. Emission-free Oslofjord is an environmental collaboration between the ports of Oslo, Drammen, Moss, Borg, Larvik, Grenland, Kristiansand and Arendal. Photo: Hans Kristian Riise/Port of Oslo. 

4. Ingvar M. Mathisen - port director at the Port of Oslo and chairman of the board of Norske Havner (Norwegian Ports) - supports the work of the port collaboration Emission-free Oslofjord. Mathisen's colleagues in Borg, Grenland, Kristiansand, Larvik, Moss, Drammen and Arendal do the same. Photo: Hans Kristian Riise/Port of Oslo. 

5. Connection point for shore power at Port of Borg. The new onshore power plant was completed in the autumn of 2022, and can deliver 2x2 MW power. Photo: Port of Borg. 

6. The Port of Larvik has benefited greatly from the collaborationbetween the Oslofjord ports. Knowledge sharing and experience exchangehas been decisive for Port of Larvik's venture related to shore power for shipsand charging infrastructure for land transport. The land power plant will be established in 2023. Photo: Port of Larvik. 

7. The Port of Moss: ASKO's electric sea drone "Marit" on its way out of Port of Moss with cargo. The picture is from the maiden voyage on 3 October. Photo: Port of Moss/WeMade. 

8. MS "Color Hybrid" seen from Færder lighthouse. Color Line's MS "Color Hybrid" is the world's largest hybrid ferry and runs between Sandefjord and Strømstad. During the voyage in and out of the Sandefjordsfjord, the ship runs on batteries. Photo: Color Line/Ocotocopterfilm/Glenn Walmann.

9. Fully electric, and eventually autonomous, Yara Birkeland on its way from Yara's factory on Herøya to the Brevik terminal, which is owned by Port of Grenland. Photo: Knut Brevik Andersen, Wilhelmsen Ship Service. 

10. John Karl Boyce is environmental manager at Port of Grenland and Port of Grenland's representative in Emission-free Oslofjord. Photo: Port of Grenland. 

11. In September 2018, the Port of Kristiansand opened Norway's first shore power facility for cruise ships. More and more shipping companies see the value of connecting to the facility, and the demand is growing every season. The Port of Kristiansand has been a leading port in Norway when it comes to the use of shore power. In 2014, the shore power plant for the ferry terminal was ready. In addition to the high-voltage system at the ferry terminal, the Port of Kristiansand has purchased two mobile shore power systems that supply offshore vessels with power from shore. Port of Kristiansand is now building shore current facilities for container ships, which will be put into operation in 2023. Photo: Port of Kristiansand. 

12. In September 2018, the Port of Kristiansand opened Norway's first shore power facility for cruise ships. More and more shipping companies see the value of connecting to the facility, and the demand is growing every season. The Port of Kristiansand has been a leading port in Norway when it comes to the use of shore power. In 2014, the shore power plant for the ferry terminal was ready. In addition to the high-voltage system at the ferry terminal, the Port of Kristiansand has purchased two mobile shore power systems that supply offshore vessels with power from shore. Port of Kristiansand is now building shore current facilities for container ships, which will be put into operation in 2023. Photo: Port of Kristiansand. 

13. At Port of Larvik, targeted work is being done to facilitate onshore flow for container ships. Port of Larvik has had electric cranes for container handling for a number of years. This means that much of the infrastructure is in place, so that the establishment of onshore electricity becomes easier. Photo: Port of Larvik. 

14. Pelikan 2 is the world's first electric environmental boat of its kind. The boat is used to pick up rubbish in the harbor basin in Oslo. Photo: Hans Kristian Riise/Port of Oslo. 

15. Moving goods from road to rail and sea is an important climate measure and helps the transport sector to reduce CO2 emissions. The Port of Drammen is an intermodal hub where cars and containers are loaded directly from sea to rail. In 2016, Jernbaneverket (the railway authority) invested NOK 400 million in a new railway terminal at Holmen. Two new arrival tracks for full trains and five new tracks with ramps for loading the car trains were established. Photo: Port of Drammen.